Forging machine



Jufi m, 1923. I 11,461,655

F. A. HALLECK FORGING MACHINE Filed May 2; 1919 Patented July 10, 1923.

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FRANK A HALLECK, 0F OAK PARK, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR TO SULLIVAN MACHINERY COMPANY, A CORPORATION OF MASSACHUSETTS.

FORGING MACHINE.

Application filed May 2,

To all whom it may concern.

Be it known that I, FRANK. A. HALLECK, a citizen of the United States, residing at Oak Park, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Forging Machines, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact specification. 1

This invention relates to forgingmachines and more especially though not exclusively to a vise operating mechanism for clamping a tool in position to be operated on by a forging hammer.

It has heretofore been proposed to clamp atool in a forging machine by means of a vertically operating piston which operated directly-on one side of a tool to hold the same against a stationary vise jaw, these proposed constructions being of two types, in one of which the piston moves upward against the tool and in the other of which the piston moves downward against the tool. The first form is open to the objection that i the piston weight negatives to some extent the pressure which would otherwise be utilized for clamping the steel between the jaws, and is further open to the objection that this clamp operating piston is located beneath the operating or forging tools and that the latter must be removed from the frame before the piston can be gotten at to repair or inspect the same. The latter form is open to the serious objection that when it is in an inoperative position, pressure fluid is required to hold it in an elevated position, and further, that, due to leakage, the operating fluid willconstantly be used up when the mechanism is idle and that, therefore, the efficiency is low.

One object of the present invention is to provide an improved forging machine. Another object of the present invention is to provide a clamp operating means which 1i operates directly on the tool to be clamped and is not open to the objections raised above, that the movable member is in a difficult position to inspect, is inefficient, and that, due to the force of gravity, its weight must be overcome by the operating fluid before the tool is clamped between the vise jaws. These and other objects and advantages of any improved construction will,

however, hereinafter more fully appear.

In the accompanying drawings, I have 1919. Serial No. 294,270.

shown a forging machine having a base 1 on which is mounted a vertical swaging hammer 2 which operates the upper of two swaging dies 3, the swaging hammer being controlled by any suitable means such as, a foot lever 2. Mounted on the same base and preferably upon a projection 4: formed integral with the base 1 is an upsetting hammer 5, and a dolly holder 6 in which reciprocates a dolly 7, the upper part of the dolly holder 6 being preferably hinged as shown at 8 so that it may be swung out of the way and permit removal of the dolly 7 Ifdesired, the exhaust from the upsetting hammer may be directed into the base 1 of the forging machine through an exhaust passage 9 and-thereby prevent the oil laden air I from being directed upon the person of the operator.

I provide also in my forging machine an improved tool clamping means herein shown as having substantially vertically disposed clamping faces comprising a fixed jaw. 10 having afixed clamping die 10, and a movable jaw 11 carrying a movable clamping die 11 and preferably carried by a piston 12, the latter being movable in a stepped horizontally disposed cylinder 13 to force the movable jaw 11 towards a steel or other instrument to be forged to hold the latter fixedly between the clamping dies 10 and 11 carried by the two jaws 10 and 11. It will thus be apparent that the jaws 10 and 11 together with the clamping dies carried thereby constitute a vise in which a steel may be rigidly held. The cylinder 13 is preferably provided with a removable outer head 14- to facilitate inspection and assembly of the piston mechanism and an oppositely disposed pressure receiving head 15-preferably in the larger bore of the cylinder, The piston 12 is, in the form shown herein, provided with a large piston head 16 provided with a suitable cup leather 17 which is held in its proper position by a piston head plate 18 bolted to the piston, this piston head being reciprocable in the outer and larger cylinder chamber 20. This piston is preferably also provided with guiding surfaces 21 receivable in one of the stepped bores of the cylinder to properly guide the piston during the reciprocations thereof. Adjacent the meeting surfaces of the two clamping jaws, I also preferably provide a clearance space 22, herein shown as disposed partially above and partially below the movable vise jaw 11, to facilitate the insertion of a tool and the blowing of the chips away from the surface of the tool during the operation of the forging machine. Fluid pressure is admitted to the larger cylinder space 20 through a plurality of ports 23, the flow from a pipe 2 1 through these ports being controlled in any suitable manner, as by means of a D valve 25 not necessary to show herein in detail as the same is old in the art, the operation of this D valve being controlled by an operating lever 26 and suitable connections 26 which 22 referred to above is composed of two parts, the lower part being designated 22 It will further be noted that by reason of the fact thatthe guiding surface 21 of the piston is a close fit for the bore in which it slides (see Fig. 3) that there will be an alternate suction and compression of air in the front end of the bore in which the pistonportion 21 is mounted. It will be noted that the formation of a vacuum, with resultant retardation of the back movement of the jaw 11, is prevented since the jaw does not fit tightly on all sides in the easing in which it moves, there being, as at 22 a space below theja 11 where it does not contact with the main casting, and that there is thus a passage 22 connecting the bore in which the guide surface'21 moves with the clearance 22*. As a result it will be noted. that as the piston carrying the jaw 11 moves backward, air will flow into the cylinder inwhich surface 21 moves, and as the piston moves forward, or toward closed position, air will be forced out through the passage 22 into the clearance space '22 and this will blow away any scale which may have fallen into the pocket 22 and will also have its direction changed by the forward end of this clearance space so that a portion of the air will be directed vertically upward across the faces of the closing jaws, Thus, there will be a tendency to clean off scale from the faces of the jaws as well as to prevent accumulations below the jaws.

The operation of the vise is readily discernible, it being clear that when pressure fluid is admitted through the inlet pipe to the valve and the latter is thrown by the lever 26 to permit a flow through one of the sets of ports 23', the hollow piston will be moved toward or away from the fixed vise jaw to release or firmly clamp a tool between the clamping dies carried by the two jaws 10 and 11. Normally the hand lever 26 is in an elevated position and it is operated to control the valve by depressing or releasing the lever after ithas been depressed. If desired, when'the lever is released, fluid will be admitted to retract the piston and then the fluid flow will be cut 7 off entirely so as to prevent loss due to leakage when the forging machine is idle.

It will be noted that by this improved construction the operating parts of the forging machine and clamping mechanism are light and compact, that there are no small projecting parts, that each of the elements of the forging machine are easily disassembled for purposes of inspection or repair withoutdisturbing the other elements, and that the machine may be. cheaply and easily manufactured. It will further be seen that by the use of a stepped bore and a stepped piston, a maximum pressure is delivered to the piston for moving the same to a clamping position and that arelatively small quantity of pressure fluid is used'to move the piston to an inoperative clamping position, thereby economizing in the quantity of pressure fluid used, and also that the stepped cylinder and piston tend to prevent the entry of scale or other foreign matter into the cylinder and that the light stepped piston Ill) serves'both as a piston and a vise jaw. It

will also be noted that the-weight of the clamp operating mechanism does not de tract in any way from the force delivered to the movable clamp by the piston, for, due to its hollow construction, it is very light and the friction between the piston and the cylinder is negligible. 3 I

'VVhile I have in this application specifically describedone embodiment which my invention mayiassume in practice, it isto be understood that this form is used for illus trative purposes only and that the invention may be modified and embodied in various other forms without. departing from its spirit or the scope of the appended claims.

What I claim as new and by Letters Patent is:

1. In a forgin machine, a pair of rela tively movable die members, a relatively reciprocable cylinder and piston, relative reciprocation of said cylinder and piston causing relative movement of said die members, and self-contained means for causing a flow of air across the faces of said die members including relatively movable pressure variation producing members actuated on relative movement of said cylinder and piston.

2. In a forging machine, a stationary die. a movable die, and means for reciprocating the latter and for forcing a blast of air across said dies including a plurality of relatively reciprocable cylinder and piston members whose movements effect operation of said movable die and forcing of such blast respectively.

3. In a forging machine, a stationary vise jaw, a movable vise jaw, means including a movable power element for moving said movable vise jaw towards and from said stationary jaw, and means cooperating with said first named means and including a member movable on movement of said movable element for forcing a blast of cleansing fluid to clean the face of said jaws.

4:. In a forging machine, the combination comprising a stationary vise jaw, a movable vise jaw, and means for causing reciprocation of said movable vise jaw including relatively movable elements cooperating to form a pumping means whose movable element moves in the same direction as said movable vise jaw and which is operative to create a blast of cleansing fluid to be directed on said jaws.

5. In a forging machine, the combination comprising a stationary vise jaw, a movable vise jaw, and means for causing reciprocation of said movable vise jaw including relatively movable guiding elements cooperating to form a pumping means for creating a blast of cleansing fluid to be directed on said jaws.

6. In a forging machine, the combination comprising a stationary vise jaw, a movable vise jaw, a clearance space beneath said jaws to receive scale, and means operative on reciprocation of said movable jaw to pump a blast of air upon said clearancespace to blow the scale therefrom.

7 In a forging machine, the combination comprising a stationary vise jaw, a movable vise aw, means for reciprocating said movable vise jaw including means operative to cause a blast of air only during the closing &

movement of said jaw, and fiieans for directing said air across said jaws.

8. In a drill sharpener, the combination comprising a base, a vise jaw thereon having a substantially vertical face, a movable vise jaw having a cooperating substantially vertical face, a clearance space about one of said jaws, means comprising a piston horizontally alined with said jaws for operating said movable jaw, and means actuated on movement of said movable vise jaw to pump a blast of air into said clearance space to discharge scale therefrom.

9. In a drill sharpener, a frame, a stationary substantially vertical vise jaw thereon, a jaw movable in a horizontal direction and cooperating with said first mentioned jaw, guides for said movable jaw above and below the same extending from said frame at points above and below said stationary vise jaw, said upper guide being formed with a clearance to permit the insertion above the line of said jaws of a blank to be gripped.

10. In a drill sharpener, a frame, a stationary substantially vertical vise j aw thereon, ajaw movable in a horizontal direction and cooperating with said first mentioned jaw, guides for said movable jaw above and below the same extending from said frame at points above and below said stationary vise jaw, there being a clearance below said jaws to receive scale released due to the action of said jaws.

11. In a drill sharpener, a. stationary vise jaw, a movable vise jaw, and a mounting for said stationary jaw having portions projecting from opposite sides of the latter and constituting guides for saidmovable vise j aw and cut away adjacent the line of closure of said jaws to provide a clearance space to one side of the path of movement of said moving jaw.

12. In a forging machine, work supporting mechanism including a pair of cooperating jaws one of which is reciprocable rela tive to the other in a horizontal path, a cylinder having a horizontal axis, a piston therein moving in alinement with said horizontal path, and upsetting means reciprocable in a horizontal path lying in the same plane with said first mentioned path and adapted to cooperate with work supported between said jaws.

In testimony whereof I afiiX my signature.

FRANK A. HALLECK. 

